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Molecular Interventions 5:241-249, (2005)
© American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics
10.1124/mi.5.4.7
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Review

MOSAICISM OF THE RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM: seeing the small picture

Janice M. Burke1 and Leonard M. Hjelmeland2

1 Departments of Ophthalmology and Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, The Eye Institute, 925 N. 87th St., Milwaukee, WI 53226 and
2 Department of Ophthalmology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616


{Burke_TA}

The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a monolayer of cells that appear phenotypically regular, but which exhibit striking cell-cell variability in content of melanin and lipofuscin granules, and in expression of many proteins. This naturally occurring cell heterogeneity likely arises by normal mechanisms regulating gene expression during development and postnatal aging. The consequence is a tissue in which individual cells may differ in their ability to support adjacent photoreceptors, and which may respond differentially to oxidative stress and other environmental influences that contribute to cell dysfunction during aging. The inherent variability of RPE cells is probably one factor contributing to the characteristically patchy pattern of retinal diseases like age-related macular degeneration.




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