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Identification of TOR-interacting Proteins

Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan, and CREST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation

SUMMARY

The protein kinase mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) promotes cell growth by phosphorylating substrates leading to the derepression of mRNA translation. Recently, a number of mTOR-interacting proteins (such as Raptor and GßL) have been characterized, shedding light on the pathway that regulates protein expression and cell growth. Unfortunately, conflicting results have obfuscated the roles of these proteins within the context of the mTOR signaling pathway. Other proteins, such as the tuberous sclerosis complex proteins (TSCs), appear to inhibit the activity of mTOR and thereby prevent the activation of the p70S6 kinase and the eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1. Mutations of mTOR-inhibiting TSCs have in fact been implicated in disease, underscoring the importance of further elucidating the mTOR pathway.