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Molecular Interventions 3:68-72 (2003)
© 2003 American Society of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics

Viewpoint

Sex, Digitalis, and the Sodium Pump

Mordecai P. Blaustein1,2,3, Shawn W. Robinson1,2,3, Stephen S. Gottlieb2,3, C. William Balke1,2,3 and John M. Hamlyn1,3

1 Departments of Physiology and
2 Medicine (Cardiology Division) and the
3 University of Maryland Center for Heart, Hypertension, and Kidney Disease, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201

SUMMARY

Foxglove and its constituents therapeutic agent digitalis have been used for centuries for the treatment of heart failure. All digitalis-like cardiotonic steroids enhance heart contraction through a mechanism involving the inhibition of the Na+,K+– ATPase. Recentlt, Rathore and colleagues reported that sex-based differences may exist in the efficacy of digoxin for the treatment of heart failure. The authors of the study found that female patients exhibited increased risk of death associated with digoxin therapy, whereas male patients appeared to have no increased risk of death related to digoxin therapy. Blaustein and colleagues delve into the report and discuss possible explanations for these findings, suggest alternative ones, and advocate for enrolling greater numbers of women in clinical studies.


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